Subject taught
- Biology

Link
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t9TvTmddanE&t=37s

Type of Product
- Videos

Language Skills Developed
- Listening
- Reading

Transferable/Scientific Skills Developed
The student must demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the problems relating to the fundamental concepts of tissue compatibility.

Description
General aims
The main purpose of this resource is to understand the fundamental role played by the HLA system for transplants.
In fact, if the transplanted tissue in a subject is not HLA-compatible (i.e. its cells do not have the same HLA antigens as the recipient), the transplant is recognized as foreign and rejected. For this reason, before performing a transplant, it is of primary importance to ascertain that donor and recipient are HLA-compatible. As well as in the field of organ and tissue transplantation, the molecules of the HLA system are of fundamental importance in the mechanisms of immunological recognition of all foreign substances that come into contact with the organism.

Linguistic aims
• Improving language skills in L2
• Enriching scientific vocabulary
• Knowing how to move from one linguistic register to another
• Producing clear and coherent texts in L2
• Summarizing written texts
Subject specific aims
• To understand tissue compatibility;
• to understand the role of HLA in the recognition of an antigen;
• to understand the different functions performed by the class I, II and III MHC genes in humans;

Target group age
15-16 years

Level of competence in English (CEFR)
B1

Time required to use the resource with the students
3h 2h first resource analysis
1h comparison and discussion

How to use it
(Prerequisiti: concetti base del sistema immunitario)

(Prerequisites: basic concepts of the immune system)
The teacher briefly recalls the basic concepts of immunity and then introduces the resource, highlighting the importance of the function performed by the HLA and the link between this complex and the action of the immune system. Therefore, students divided into small groups face the analysis and study of the resource. To facilitate understanding of the video, it is divided into shorter parts that students must study and, if necessary, deepen. In addition, to facilitate understanding of the topic, various exercises are proposed such as questionnaires with true / false answer, multiple choice, open questions, answer questions, completion of sentences, association of terms, keywords, use of certain words to compose sentences . During the meeting with the other groups, each group will have to present a short work on what has been studied, work that can be done through slides, videos, animations, etc., in order to also enhance their digital skills.
It will then be included in the final work which will cover the entire learning unit and will be presented to different classes
Possible difficulties for the students
From a linguistic point of view, the resource does not present great difficulties, while understanding the topic can be a little difficult. Therefore, the teacher must be more present in guiding students in the study of this resource, he must provide explanations, insights and pay attention to the material produced by the boys.

Comments
Strength/Weakness The resource is clear, but not exhaustive, it must be supplemented by some insights. Scientific reliability The examined resource is present on the web page of the Frank Lectures website. This site deals with biological science topics with animations, concept maps and video lessons with basic or advanced concepts. The content of this resource is easily verifiable. Pedagogical value Pedagogical value (e.g. collaborative learning, self–directed learning, peer assisted learning, etc The methodology used for this resource is mainly Cooperative Learning. The students will work in small groups consisting of a maximum of four students, with defined but interchangeable roles. Each student is co-responsible for the work, intervenes and collaborates with different skills. In this way, everyone can make their contribution based on their skills. In this way a real inclusion and an effective sharing is promoted. It proves to be very effective, research shows that by using this teaching, students more often than not achieve better results, are more stimulated, enhance their reasoning skills, their critical thinking and, finally, improve their self-esteem and they more easily overcome anxiety and stress.

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